See what a high band reads like.

P1Whether higher education should be funded entirely by the state or paid for by students themselves is a question that divides opinion. Both positions have merit, though I ultimately favour a system in which students contribute.

P2Those who argue for free university point to fairness and social mobility. When tuition is removed, talented young people from low-income families are no longer deterred by debt, which allows a country to develop the skills of its entire population rather than only the wealthy. Supporters also contend that a highly educated workforce benefits society as a whole, through higher productivity, innovation, and tax revenue, so it is reasonable for the public purse to bear the cost.

P3On the other side, many believe students should pay because they are the primary beneficiaries. A degree typically leads to higher lifetime earnings, so it seems equitable that graduates, rather than taxpayers who never attended university, shoulder the expense. Charging fees can also raise the quality of education, since institutions competing for fee-paying students have a strong incentive to improve teaching and facilities.